Preface to the Pilgrim Way Commentary on Romans

July 20, 2009

I am finishing up the revising of my Pilgrim Way Commentary on Romans (I am up to chapter 14). When it is completed, I will post it to the church website as a free pdf download. It looks like it will top out at about 350-375 pages. I hope to have it online by the end of summer at the latest. Then it is on to re-doing the commentaries on Song of Solomon and Daniel before tackling the New Testament volumes.

I’m reprinting the preface of the commentary below, submitted for your approval.

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This commentary on Romans follows in a long line of other works by divines of the past as they have sought to study and expound this, probably the greatest of all Paul’s writings. It has been well said that he who masters Paul’s arguments in Romans masters Christian doctrine, so it is no wonder that this book is a favorite of commentators.

This work grew out of over 20 years of both preaching through Romans in three pastorates in Maryland, Delaware and North Carolina as well as teaching through the epistle as an instructor at Maryland Baptist Bible College in Elkton, Maryland. I needed my own notes and outlines as I taught and preached from Romans, so this fuller commentary flows from those notes and outlines. Thus, the layout of this commentary is a practical one, written by a preacher to be preached from in the pulpit or to be taught in a Sunday School. It was not written from an isolated study of a theologian who had little contact with people or practical ministerial experience. There are many such commentaries on the market and they tend to be someone dull and not very practical in their application.

This commentary cannot be easily classified into any single theological system. I believe that no single theological system is an accurate presentation of Scriptural truth in and of itself. When Charles Spurgeon once wrote “There is no such thing as preaching Christ and Him crucified, unless we preach what nowadays is called Calvinism. It is a nickname to call it Calvinism; Calvinism is the gospel, and nothing else”, he displayed a most unfortunate theological hubris. Calvinism is a flawed, limited and uninspired theological system. There is some truth there, as there is in any theological system, but it ranks no better than other competing systems, such as Arminianism (which is nothing more than a modified version of Calvin’s teachings), dispensationalism, covenant theology, Lutheranism, Romanism, Orthodox theology, pre-wrath rapture, take your pick. All these systems are flawed as they are all the products of human attempts to understand and systematize Biblical presentations. They can all make contributions to our overall understandings of the truth but none may claim to be the only correct such presentation, at the expense of all others. Knowing the human impossibility for absolute neutrality and the human love for theological systems, I readily admit that I cannot be as dispassionate and uninfluenced by human teachings in these pages as I would like. No man can be. But I have made every attempt not to allow my own personal systems influence my understanding of what the clear teachings of Scripture is.

I have freely consulted a wide variety of commentaries and sermons for insights and other views of various texts that I might have missed. As the old preacher once remarked “I milked a lot of cows but I churned my own butter.” Direct quotes are attributed to their proper source to prevent that unpardonable sin of literary theft. But simply because I quoted a writer should not be viewed as an endorsement of all that he wrote or of his theological system. I selected the quote because I found it interesting and useful, not because I am in any degree of agreement regarding the rest of his teachings.

This commentary is based on the text of our English Received Version, commonly referred to as the King James Version or the Authorized Version. I believe that this is the most preserved English translation available to us. I can see no good reason to use or accept any of the modern versions, especially the current “flavor of the month” of the New Evangelicals and apostate fundamentalists, the corrupt and mis-named English Standard Version. When it comes to these modern, critical text versions, I reject them for a variety of reasons. One major reason is that they have not been proven on the field of battle. The I have liver spots older that are older than the English Standard Version, but I am expected to toss my English Received Text, over 400 years old, and take up this new translation, whose ink is still barely dry? How many battles has the ESV won? How many missionaries have done great exploits with an NIV? What revivals have been birth and nurtured with an NASB? We will stick with the translations and texts that our fathers have used and that God has blessed. We are also favorably inclined to the Geneva Bible, Tyndale Bible, Matthews Bible, and other “cousins” of our English text. The Greek text used is the underlying text of our English Received Text and its 1769 revision, which is the text most widely in use today by God’s remnant.

Each verse is commented upon, with the English text, followed by the Received Greek text, with Strong’s numbers and grammatical coding, such as Greek verb tenses and parts of speech (for the Greek text). The English grammatical notes are limited to the tenses of the corresponding Greek verbs, for I believe the study of the verb tenses is the most important element of the usage of the Greek text, even moreso than word studies. Not every Greek word is commented upon, only unusual or important ones. I am guilty of “picking and choosing” my word studies instead of presenting complete word studies for every word. That system would simply be too unwieldy for my purposes.

The presupposition of this commentary is that what the Bible says is so and that we will not change the text to suit our theological fancy. It says what it says and that is what we must accept, else we will be found unfaithful stewards of the Word of God, a judgment we fear. We will not amend our text but will take it as it is the best we can.

This commentary certainly is not perfect, nor is it the final presentation of my understanding and application of the book of Romans. A commentary over 20 years in the making can never truly said to be finished. As new insights are granted by the Holy Spirit and as my understanding of the epistle deepens, additional material will be added and sections will have to be re-written. One is never truly “finished” with any theological book. As one deepens and grows in his relation with the Lord, so does his theological understandings and that should be reflected in one’s writings.

This book was also written as a theological legacy to my four children. They will need to be mighty for God in their generation for their days will certainly be darker than the generation their father grew up in. This book is an expression not only of the heart of a preacher in the early 21st century but also of a Christian father for his children, so they may more fully understand what their father believed and preached during his ministry.

It is my sincere prayer that this unpretentious contribution to the body of Christian commentary literature will be a blessing to the remnant of God’s saints in the earth as we approach the coming of our Lord.


Notes- Exodus 16-20

March 18, 2009

My margin notes from Exodus 16-20:

16:3 Some professors would stay in Egypt (the world) as long as they have protection and provision, as long as they were safe and had a full belly.

16:15 The “what is it?”

16:16 An omer is thought to be about 6 pints. We estimate that God provided about 9 million pounds of manna a day, which would translated to about 130 billion pounds over the next 40 years.

16:20 You cannot hoard up yesterday’s grace and blessings. You need it new and fresh every morning.

16:22 Gather it in the morning before the heat of the sun melts it. Usually a good proof-text for morning devotions and the importance of getting your spiritual manna early in the day.

16:24 How could the manna tell what day of the week it was?

16:27 Man just can’t take a day off from filling his belly or worrying about his needs.

16:29 Travel forbidden on the Sabbath.

17:14 But God did not do this immediately.

17:15 “The LORD Our Banner”.

18:2 We are not told why Moses sent her back but we assume all was not well between them. Moses may have been neglecting his family for the sake “of the ministry”, a classic and tragic mistake on the part of many of God’s men.

18:7 Nothing is said about Moses doing this with his wife or sons.

18:21 Requirements for civil magistrates.

18:24 God was not consulted on this.

19:5 An example of both separation and sanctification. They usually go together.

19:6 See 1 Peter 2:9.

19:6 A conditional promise.

19:8 The covenant accepted.

19:9 There is no such cloud in the New Testament. We have a much clearer view of God.

19:10 Washing and changing of clothes is usually associated with sanctification.

19:12 We are now bidden to boldly approach the throne of grace (Hebrews 4:16).

19:16,19 Who was blowing this trumpet?

19:22 There was a priesthood before the Law.

Summary of the Ten Commandments (Also repeated in Deuteronomy 5)
1- Idolatry forbidden- 20:3
2- Worshipping false gods forbidden, no graven images allowed- 20:4-6
3- Talking God’s name in vain forbidden- 20:7
4- The Sabbath to be observed- 20:8-11
5. Honor parents- 20:12
6. Killing prohibited- 20:13
7. Adultery prohibited- 20:14
8. Stealing prohibited- 20:15
9. Bearing false witness prohibited- 20:16
10. Covetousness prohibited 20:17
The first 4 commandments are vertical (Godward) while the final six are horizontal (manward). This shows that our relationship with God must be right before our relationship to men can be.

20:2 The Preamble to the Ten Commandments.

20:8 This is the only commandment not repeated in the New Testament, showing that it was not binding on either the Gentiles or the Church.

20:12 The first commandment with promise- that of a long life (Ephesians 6:3).

20:15 The establishment of private property, also in 20:17..

20:15 The last three commandments do not carry a death penalty.

20:18 Under the Law, we were always “afar off”.

20:25 Keep your handiwork out of God’s worship. Do it God’s way, not your way, as you will not improve on it.

20:25 Deuteronomy 27:5


Tabernacle vs. Temple- Exodus 25

March 10, 2009

Re: Exodus 25 and the Tabernacle

I think it interesting that God commanded the building of the tabernacle but He never commanded the building of the temple. See 2 Samuel 7:6. God allowed David and Solomon to build the temple but He never commanded it, nor did He give any blueprints for it as He did the tabernacle. God loved the tabernacle but He tolerated the temple. God never allowed the tabernacle to be destroyed, although we are never told of its ultimate fate. But God allowed the temple to be destroyed by the Babylonians and the Romans and it will be defiled in the tribulation by the Antichrist. It is better to be a tabernacle Christian than a temple Christian. You are closer to God in the tabernacle. It is a humble structure, not impressive to the carnal eye. It is in the wilderness. It is rather small, allowing for intimacy with God. There is clear typology with every element of the tabernacle. Such typology is not as clear in the temple. It is also obvious that the tabernacle speaks more to a pilgrim heart of a Christian than does the temple. The tabernacle is small, unattractive, in the wilderness but is also intimate and has the presence of God. The temple is large, impressive, a structure like all the other nations may have. Intimacy with God is not possible in such a large building. It was also easy to become proud of such a structure, rather than in the God to whom that structure was dedicated. Let us seek to cultivate a tabernacle heart of a pilgrim in our walk with God.


Exodus Notes, chapters 6-10

March 3, 2009

Exodus notes for chapters 6-10, from my mini-commentary:

6:3 God’s personal, revealed, redemptive name. Moses was the first to receive this revelation. To the patriarchs, God revealed Himself as “El Shaddai”.

6:6-8 The Seven “I Will’s” of God.

6:9 An understandable reaction in the light of what happened in chapter 5.

7:2 The duty of a prophet, or a preacher.

7:4 The reason why God hardened Pharaoh’s heart.

7:11 Satan can counterfeit God’s work- up to a point.

The Ten Plagues
1. Water to blood- 7:20
2. Frogs- 8:6
3. Lice- 8:17
4. Flies- 8:24
5. Cattle disease- 9:6
6. Boils- 9:10
7. Hail and fire- 9:24
8. Locust- 10:13
9. Darkness- 10:22
10. Death of first born 12:29
We are not told how long these plagues took.

7:17 The Nile was worshipped as a god so this was a direct attack against Egyptian religion.

7:17 Christ’s first miracle was similar- turning water to wine (a type of blood).

7:17 Revelation 8:8-11; 16:3-7.

7:20 All freshwater was affected, even water in containers- a greater miracle.

7:22 What was the point in this? Change it back!

8:8 Instead of asking the magicians, Pharaoh asks Moses to take the frogs away. He was beginning to understand where the power really was.

8:10 “One more night with the frogs”.

8:18 Now they begin to run out of steam. We see here the limits to the power of Satan- he cannot create life.

8:19 If God’s “finger” can do this, what can the rest of His “body” do?

8:23 Separation between God’s people and the Egyptians. Always remember God is a God of separation.

Pharaoh’s Compromises:
1. Sacrifice to God in the land, or serve God while staying in the world- 8:25
2. Go out and serve God, just don’t go very far away- 8:28
3. Let the adults serve God but keep your children in the world. 10:10. This would be the same idea as serving God but sending your children to public schools.
4. Serve God but keep your money and resources in the world- 10:24

9:3 The wealth of Egypt is hit with this plague.

9:5 God announced it in advance and the Egyptians could do nothing to stop it.

9:8 This judgment was not announced beforehand.

9:19 Grace in the midst of judgment.

9:23 Thunderstorms were rare in Egypt.

9:24 “fire” = lightening?

10:26 See how bold Moses is getting!


March 2, 2009

I have been typing in my margin notes from my Bibles that I have collected over the last 20 years with the goal of “publishing” them all in one place, as a “mini-commentary.” A project like this will take some years to complete but it will be worth it. I’m working on Exodus right now, then will go back to do Genesis, alternating with a New Testament book as I go. This will compliment my various “full length” commentaries (available for free downloading at our website pilgrimway.org. But here, among other things, I’ll post the margin commentary, starting with notes on Exodus 1-5.

Ruin 1-11
Redemption 12-19
Responsibility 20-24
Relationship 25-40

85 promises
875 pericopes

Exodus- God gets His people out of the world
Leviticus- God gets the world out of His people

1:5 Deuteronomy 10:22; Acts 7:14

1:8 Probably a different dynasty. Joseph’s Pharaoh was probably a foreigner, but this one was an Egyptian who was eager to undo the previous policies.

1:10 Hitler followed the same policy with the Jews.

1:16 The first state-sponsored abortion mill.

2:4 Miriam?

2:7 A very clever suggestion, made at just the right time.

2:9 The devil had to pay Moses’s mother to raise her own child!

2:11 Moses was now 40.

2:15 A type of the Second Coming. Both Jesus and Moses were rejected at their first coming (in weakness) only to be accepted the second time (in power).

3:1 Horeb.

3:2 The national symbol for Israel is a burning bush, not a star of David.

3:5 At Sinai, you take your shoes off. Under grace, shoes are put on your feet (Luke 15:22).

3:8 God also came down at Babel (Genesis 11:7).

3:14 I AM:
1. By Myself
2. In Myself
3. Of Myself
4. Through Myself
5. For Myself

Moses’ Excuses:
1. I have no ability- 3:11; Philippians 4:13
2. I have no message- 3:13; 1 Corinthians 15:3,4
3. I have no authority- 4:1; Matthew 28:18-20
4. I have no eloquence- 4:10; Philippians 2:13
5. I have no inclination- 4:13; Philippians 2:13

4:1 Moses was an unlikely Messiah, an 80-year shepherd, not unlike a 30-year old carpenter.

4.4 That took faith! No one picks up a serpent by the tail!

4:6 It would not be this leprous hand that would deliver Israel.

4:10 Compare with Deuteronomy 32:1, where Moses calls on heaven and earth to witness his sayings.

4:18 Moses was not upfront with Jethro as to the reason why he wanted to go back to Egypt, and mentioned nothing about God appearing to him.

4:20 The Rod of Moses is now known as the Rod of God.

4:22 “Firstborn” presupposes other children- maybe believing Gentiles? “For now are we the sons of God…” (1 John 3:2).

5:1 Moses was unfaithful to the message God gave him to deliver to Pharaoh.. Moses said nothing about the death of the firstborn or about Israel being the firstborn of God.

5:23 Because Moses was unfaithful, God would not work as He said He would.


Daily Notes: Exodus 24

February 15, 2009

Notes from today’s reading in Exodus 24:

24:1 Under the Law, worship was always “far off”.

24:1 “come up” God demands man ascend to God’s level for worship, as God will not lower Himself to man’s level.

24:8 The covenant was sealed with blood.

24:8 This is not a proof text for baptism by sprinkling.

24:10 This is the most incredible verse in Scripture- they actually saw God Himself! Also in 24:11. No wonder Moses was able to do as much as he did for God. When you see God, you won’t let the things of the world get in your way or discourage you.

24:12 A ministerial and pastoral duty- to teach the law.

24:13 :Minister” here has the idea of a servant who does the lowest and most menial of chores. Before Joshua can lead God’s people, he must prove himself worthy of spiritual leadership in the lowest trenches of service.


Exodus 18 and 19-Notes

February 11, 2009

18:24  God was not consulted on this.

19:4  An exanple of separation and sanctification- a separation unto God.

19:6  See 1 Peter 2:9

19:8 The Covenant accepted by the people

19:9 There is no such obscuring cloud between God and His people in the New Testament.

19:10 Washing of the body and the changing of the clothes are involved in sanctification.

19:12 But we are bidden to draw nigh to God in the New Testament without fear of any such penalty.

19:19 Who was blowing the trumpet?


Exodus 16 Notes

February 11, 2009

Notes from today’s reading on Exodus 16:

16:3  Some people would willingly stay in slavery and stay in the bondage of Egypt as long as they had a full belly.

16:20 Hoarding up grace never works.  Yesterday’s grace will not suffice for today.  You need it fresh every morning.  Nor can you borrow it from tomorrow.

16:24  A miracle.  How did the manna know what day of the week it was?

16:27 Man just can’t take a day off.  He is always concerned with filling either his belly or his wallet.


Exodus 15 Notes

February 10, 2009

Some notes on my reading through Exodus 15:

Exodus 15 is really the first psalm we have in the Bible.

15:2  A foreshadowing of the building of the tabernacle?

15:8 If His mere breath can do this, what can the rest of God do?

15:9 “Man proposes, God disposes”.

15:20 First mention of a prophetess.

15:25 When you come to bitter waters in life, thrown in a tree (cross) to make them sweet.

15:26 Specfically, the disseases of Egypt, that were involved in the 10 judgments.


Notes on Exodus 8

February 6, 2009

Observations from the reading from Exodus 8:

8:8  Instead of asking his magicians to take away the frogs, Pharoah asked Moses to do it.   Pharaoh understood who was really in charge and where the true power was in this contest.

8:18  Now the magaicians begin to run out of steam.  You can duplicate the power of God only for so long.  God can always outlast you.

8:19 If the “finger of God” can do all this, then what can the rest of His hand, or His arm do?

8:23 God does separate His people from the Egyptians.  God is a God of separation.

8:25 First compromise offered- serve God right here in Egypt (a type of the world)

8:28 Second compromise offered- serve God but don’t go too far away from Egypt to do it.  In other words, serve God in a worldly, carnal manner- don’t be a nut or a holy roller!


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